What effect does aerobic exercise have on cognitive executive functions?

Aerobic exercise positively influences cognitive functions, particularly inhibitory control, because it promotes various physiological and neurological changes that enhance brain health and cognitive performance. Engaging in regular aerobic exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which can lead to improved delivery of oxygen and nutrients, helping to optimize neural functioning.

This type of exercise has been associated with increased neuroplasticity, which is crucial for learning and adapting to new information. Additionally, aerobic activity can elevate the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that supports the survival of existing neurons and encourages the growth of new neurons and synapses. This biological enhancement can lead to better executive functions, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, and importantly, inhibitory control—the ability to suppress impulsive responses and focus on relevant tasks.

Studies have demonstrated that individuals who engage in regular aerobic exercise often perform better on tasks that require attention and inhibition, signifying improvements in these cognitive executive functions. Such findings provide substantial evidence of the positive relationship between aerobic exercise and cognitive enhancements, supporting the chosen answer.